污水廠沼氣脫硫選型指南：3種工藝對(duì)比，避坑不花冤枉錢(qián)

　　Selection guide for biogas desulfurization in sewage treatment plants: comparison of 3 processes to avoid pitfalls and avoid wasting money

　　做污水廠運(yùn)營(yíng)的朋友們，想必都清楚沼氣處理的核心痛點(diǎn)——沼氣里的硫化氫要是不處理，直接用來(lái)發(fā)電或供鍋爐，設(shè)備腐蝕是小事，還可能引發(fā)安全隱患，影響生產(chǎn)穩(wěn)定。但面對(duì)五花八門(mén)的沼氣脫硫工藝，很多人都犯難：到底該選哪種？今天就用通俗的話嘮透，把生物脫硫、絡(luò)合鐵脫硫、氧化鐵干法脫硫三種主流工藝講明白，幫大家精準(zhǔn)選型、少走彎路。

　　Friends who operate sewage treatment plants must be aware of the core pain point of biogas treatment - if hydrogen sulfide in biogas is not treated and used directly for power generation or boiler supply, equipment corrosion is a minor issue and may also cause safety hazards, affecting production stability. But when faced with various biogas desulfurization processes, many people are confused: which one should they choose? Today, in layman's terms, we will explain the three mainstream processes of biological desulfurization, chelated iron desulfurization, and iron oxide dry desulfurization, helping everyone to accurately select and avoid detours.

　　先跟大家鋪墊個(gè)關(guān)鍵知識(shí)點(diǎn)：污水廠產(chǎn)生的沼氣，氣量雖穩(wěn)定，但含硫量波動(dòng)大，還夾雜著不少水分和雜質(zhì)，絕對(duì)不能直接利用，去除硫化氫是必經(jīng)環(huán)節(jié)。而選型的核心，就是兼顧脫硫效果、運(yùn)行成本和污水廠連續(xù)運(yùn)行的需求，沒(méi)有最好的工藝，只有最適配的選擇。

　　First, let me lay a key knowledge point for you: although the biogas produced by sewage treatment plants has a stable gas volume, its sulfur content fluctuates greatly, and it is also mixed with a lot of water and impurities. It cannot be directly used, and removing hydrogen sulfide is a necessary step. The core of selection is to balance desulfurization efficiency, operating costs, and the continuous operation needs of sewage plants. There is no best process, only the most suitable choice.

　　優(yōu)先推薦的第一種，是生物脫硫工藝，也是污水廠長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的優(yōu)選之一。它的核心原理很簡(jiǎn)單，利用復(fù)合脫硫菌的代謝作用，把硫化氫氧化成單質(zhì)硫，相當(dāng)于讓“微生物”幫著處理雜質(zhì)。最大的優(yōu)勢(shì)就是運(yùn)行成本低，適合長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行的污水廠，而且處理過(guò)程環(huán)保，不會(huì)產(chǎn)生過(guò)多二次污染。不過(guò)它也有小短板，需要專人維持菌種活性，對(duì)運(yùn)行管理的要求略高，適合有專業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)團(tuán)隊(duì)的污水廠。

　　The first recommended method is the biological desulfurization process, which is also one of the preferred choices for long-term stable operation of sewage treatment plants. Its core principle is very simple, using the metabolic action of composite desulfurization bacteria to convert sulfide into elemental sulfur, which is equivalent to letting "microorganisms" help process impurities. The biggest advantage is low operating costs, suitable for long-term stable operation of sewage plants, and the treatment process is environmentally friendly, without generating excessive secondary pollution. However, it also has some shortcomings, requiring dedicated personnel to maintain bacterial activity and slightly higher requirements for operation and management, making it suitable for sewage treatment plants with professional operation teams.

　　第二種同樣是優(yōu)先選項(xiàng)——絡(luò)合鐵脫硫，堪稱“高效省心款”。它靠絡(luò)合鐵溶液的循環(huán)氧化還原反應(yīng)，把硫化氫轉(zhuǎn)化成硫磺，脫硫效率能達(dá)到99%以上，幾乎能徹底去除雜質(zhì)，滿足沼氣發(fā)電、鍋爐供熱等各類利用需求。而且脫硫液可以再生，不用頻繁更換耗材，后期運(yùn)行成本低，還特別省人工，適合追求自動(dòng)化、想減少人力投入的污水廠。唯一的不足就是初次投資相對(duì)較高，前期需要多投入一部分資金。

　　The second option is also a priority - chelated iron desulfurization, which can be called an "efficient and worry free" model. It relies on the cyclic oxidation-reduction reaction of chelated iron solution to convert hydrogen sulfide into sulfur, with a desulfurization efficiency of over 99%, almost completely removing impurities, and meeting various utilization needs such as biogas power generation and boiler heating. Moreover, the desulfurization solution can be regenerated without frequent replacement of consumables, resulting in low operating costs in the later stage and particularly labor-saving, making it suitable for wastewater treatment plants that pursue automation and want to reduce labor input. The only drawback is that the initial investment is relatively high, and an additional amount of capital needs to be invested in the early stage.

　　第三種是氧化鐵干法脫硫，屬于“入門(mén)款”工藝，適合臨時(shí)過(guò)渡，不推薦污水廠長(zhǎng)期使用。它采用固體吸附的方式，原理簡(jiǎn)單、設(shè)備簡(jiǎn)陋，前期造價(jià)低，上手也容易，不用復(fù)雜的運(yùn)營(yíng)管理。但短板很明顯：脫硫劑需要頻繁更換，長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行下來(lái)，耗材成本和人工成本都會(huì)居高不下，而且適配性有限，跟不上污水廠連續(xù)運(yùn)行的節(jié)奏，只適合氣量小、預(yù)算緊張，且短期使用的場(chǎng)景。

　　The third method is iron oxide dry desulfurization, which belongs to the "entry-level" process and is suitable for temporary transition. It is not recommended for long-term use in sewage treatment plants. It adopts solid adsorption method, with simple principle, simple equipment, low initial cost, easy to operate, and no need for complex operation and management. But the shortcomings are obvious: the desulfurizer needs to be replaced frequently, and over the long term, the cost of consumables and labor will remain high. Moreover, its adaptability is limited and it cannot keep up with the continuous operation rhythm of the sewage plant. It is only suitable for scenarios with small gas volume, tight budget, and short-term use.

　　很多污水廠運(yùn)營(yíng)者容易陷入誤區(qū)，要么一味追求低成本選干法脫硫，后期被頻繁換耗材、高運(yùn)維成本拖累；要么盲目跟風(fēng)選高價(jià)工藝，忽略自身運(yùn)營(yíng)能力和實(shí)際需求。其實(shí)選型有明確的優(yōu)先級(jí)：如果追求長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定、低成本運(yùn)行，且有專業(yè)運(yùn)營(yíng)團(tuán)隊(duì)，優(yōu)先選生物脫硫；如果想省心省人工、看重脫硫效率，愿意承擔(dān)前期高投入，絡(luò)合鐵脫硫是首選；只有氣量小、預(yù)算極有限，且短期使用時(shí)，才考慮氧化鐵干法脫硫。

　　Many sewage plant operators are prone to falling into the trap of blindly pursuing low-cost dry desulfurization, which is later dragged down by frequent replacement of consumables and high operation and maintenance costs; Either blindly follow the trend and choose high priced processes, ignoring their own operational capabilities and actual needs. In fact, there are clear priorities for selection: if pursuing long-term stability, low-cost operation, and having a professional operation team, biological desulfurization is preferred; If you want to save worry and labor, value desulfurization efficiency, and are willing to bear high initial investment, chelated iron desulfurization is the first choice; Iron oxide dry desulfurization is only considered when the gas volume is small, the budget is extremely limited, and it is used in the short term.

　　這里跟大家提個(gè)醒，選型時(shí)不能只看單一維度，還要結(jié)合沼氣氣量、含硫量以及沼氣的用途來(lái)綜合判斷。比如沼氣用來(lái)高效發(fā)電，對(duì)脫硫精度要求高，就優(yōu)先選絡(luò)合鐵脫硫；如果只是簡(jiǎn)單供熱，且運(yùn)營(yíng)預(yù)算有限，可酌情考慮生物脫硫。

　　Here is a reminder to everyone that when selecting, one should not only consider a single dimension, but also make a comprehensive judgment based on the amount of biogas, sulfur content, and the use of biogas. For example, when biogas is used for efficient power generation and requires high desulfurization accuracy, chelated iron desulfurization is preferred; If it is only for simple heating and the operating budget is limited, biological desulfurization can be considered as appropriate.
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　　市面上有不少專業(yè)企業(yè)能提供定制化方案，比如恒常化工，可根據(jù)污水廠的實(shí)際工況，搭配生物脫硫、絡(luò)合鐵脫硫或干法脫硫工程方案，兼顧穩(wěn)定脫硫和低成本運(yùn)行，幫運(yùn)營(yíng)者避開(kāi)選型陷阱，不用自己費(fèi)心對(duì)比調(diào)試。

　　There are many professional companies on the market that can provide customized solutions, such as Constant Chemical, which can be combined with biological desulfurization, chelated iron desulfurization or dry desulfurization engineering solutions according to the actual working conditions of the sewage plant, balancing stable desulfurization and low-cost operation, helping operators avoid selection traps and avoid the need for self comparison and debugging.

　　總結(jié)一下，污水廠沼氣脫硫選型，核心是找準(zhǔn)自身需求：長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定、成本優(yōu)先選生物脫硫；追求高效、自動(dòng)化、省人工選絡(luò)合鐵脫硫；短期應(yīng)急、預(yù)算緊張可臨時(shí)用氧化鐵干法脫硫。選對(duì)工藝，既能避免設(shè)備腐蝕、保障生產(chǎn)安全，又能控制運(yùn)維成本，實(shí)現(xiàn)沼氣資源化利用的利益最大化。

　　To sum up, the core of selecting biogas desulfurization for sewage treatment plants is to identify their own needs: long-term stability, cost priority for biological desulfurization; Pursuing efficient, automated, and labor-saving selection of chelated iron for desulfurization; For short-term emergencies and budget constraints, iron oxide dry desulfurization can be temporarily used. Choosing the right process can not only avoid equipment corrosion, ensure production safety, but also control operation and maintenance costs, and maximize the benefits of biogas resource utilization.

　　如果你的污水廠正面臨沼氣脫硫選型難題，不清楚自身工況適配哪種工藝，不妨結(jié)合氣量、硫含量和沼氣用途多做對(duì)比，也可以找專業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)定制方案，精準(zhǔn)匹配需求，不花冤枉錢(qián)、不踩選型坑。

　　If your sewage treatment plant is facing the problem of selecting biogas desulfurization technology and is unsure which process to adapt to its own working conditions, you may want to compare the gas volume, sulfur content, and biogas usage. You can also find a professional team to customize a solution that accurately matches your needs, without wasting money or stepping into selection pitfalls.