沼氣是有機(jī)質(zhì)在厭氧發(fā)酵過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的一種混合氣體，其主要成分是甲烷，其次是硫化氫、水蒸氣、二氧化碳等多種氣體，比如少量的氫氣、一氧化碳等。沼氣可以作為一種清潔、可再生的生物質(zhì)能源使用，這是因?yàn)槠渲械募淄橐彩翘烊粴獾闹饕煞?，容易燃燒、熱值較高，而且燃燒時(shí)也不會(huì)產(chǎn)生煙塵。
Biogas is a mixed gas produced during anaerobic fermentation of organic matter, mainly composed of methane, followed by various gases such as hydrogen sulfide, water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc., such as small amounts of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Biogas can be used as a clean and renewable biomass energy source because methane is also a major component of natural gas, which is easy to burn, has a high calorific value, and does not produce smoke and dust during combustion.
沼氣脫硫和沼氣凈化提純其實(shí)就是將沼氣中的有毒有害氣體以及無(wú)用氣體去除的過(guò)程，其中脫硫指的就是去除硫化氫，而凈化提純則是盡可能地去掉其他氣體以求只保留甲烷氣體，所以沼氣脫硫其實(shí)是沼氣凈化提純的其中一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)。
Biogas desulfurization and biogas purification and purification are actually the processes of removing toxic and harmful gases as well as useless gases from biogas. Desulfurization refers to the removal of hydrogen sulfide, while purification and purification try to remove other gases as much as possible in order to retain only methane gas. Therefore, biogas desulfurization is actually one of the links in biogas purification and purification.
目前沼氣凈化提純主要包括脫硫、脫碳和脫水，以便獲得高純度的甲烷，提高沼氣的熱銷(xiāo)能，那么是否所有的沼氣工程都需要進(jìn)行沼氣提純凈化呢？
At present, biogas purification and purification mainly include desulfurization, decarbonization, and dehydration in order to obtain high-purity methane and improve the hot sales of biogas. So, do all biogas projects need biogas purification and purification?
其實(shí)這是沒(méi)有必要的，目前沼氣的應(yīng)用主要在民用領(lǐng)域，常見(jiàn)的包括家用沼氣灶、養(yǎng)殖場(chǎng)或者農(nóng)場(chǎng)的沼氣鍋爐或者沼氣發(fā)電等，這些沼氣工程對(duì)于沼氣中甲烷的純度要求并不高，只需要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單地脫硫脫水即可，去除沼氣中的硫化氫和水蒸氣后即可正常燃燒利用。而如果需要將沼氣并入天然氣管網(wǎng)則就需要更高純度的甲烷，就需要進(jìn)一步脫除二氧化碳、有機(jī)鹵化物以及其他雜質(zhì)。
In fact, this is not necessary. Currently, the application of biogas is mainly in the civilian field, including household biogas stoves, biogas boilers in breeding farms or farms, or biogas power generation. These biogas projects do not require high purity of methane in biogas, and only simple desulfurization and dehydration are needed. After removing hydrogen sulfide and water vapor from biogas, it can be burned and used normally. If biogas needs to be integrated into the natural gas pipeline network, higher purity methane is required, which requires further removal of carbon dioxide, organic halides, and other impurities.
在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，沼氣的凈化設(shè)備也是根據(jù)工程用途來(lái)進(jìn)行選擇，小型沼氣工程多選擇采用干法脫硫，其設(shè)備結(jié)構(gòu)簡(jiǎn)單，日常使用幾乎不需要進(jìn)行人工維護(hù)，只需要定期對(duì)脫硫劑進(jìn)行更換或者再生即可。而大中型沼氣工程更傾向于選擇生物脫硫法，雖然其設(shè)備造價(jià)較高，需要專(zhuān)人維護(hù)，但是硫化氫的脫除率更高，單位時(shí)間內(nèi)的處理量更大，更加適合這種大型沼氣工程。效的方案。
In practical applications, the purification equipment for biogas is also selected based on the engineering purpose. Small biogas projects often choose to use dry desulfurization, which has a simple equipment structure and almost does not require manual maintenance for daily use. Only regular replacement or regeneration of the desulfurizer is needed. Large and medium-sized biogas projects tend to choose the biological desulfurization method. Although its equipment cost is high and requires dedicated maintenance, the removal rate of hydrogen sulfide is higher, and the processing capacity per unit time is larger, making it more suitable for such large-scale biogas projects. An effective plan.
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2024-01-08
